Common Symptoms of Endometriosis
Pain stands out as the hallmark symptom, yet it varies greatly between women. Many describe it as far more intense than typical period cramps.
Here are the most frequently reported signs:
- Severe menstrual cramps that often begin days before your period and linger afterward
- Chronic pelvic or lower back pain that persists throughout the month
- Pain during or after sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
- Heavy menstrual bleeding or spotting between periods
- Difficulty conceiving or infertility challenges
- Digestive problems like bloating, constipation, or diarrhea — especially during menstruation
- Fatigue, low energy, and sometimes nausea around periods
Here’s the frustrating part: These symptoms often overlap with other conditions like IBS or pelvic inflammatory disease. Studies indicate that diagnosis can take 7–10 years on average, leaving many women in prolonged distress.
What Causes Endometriosis?
The exact cause remains under investigation, but experts point to several contributing factors.
Key theories include:
- Retrograde menstruation — Menstrual blood flows backward through the fallopian tubes into the pelvic cavity instead of exiting the body (a process common in most women, but only some develop endometriosis).
- Genetic predisposition — If your mother or sister has endometriosis, your risk increases significantly.
- Immune system issues — The body may not effectively clear misplaced endometrial tissue.
- Hormonal factors — Estrogen promotes the growth of this tissue.
Importantly, endometriosis is not caused by lifestyle choices, and it’s not preventable through personal actions alone. It’s a complex condition influenced by multiple biological factors.
